nutrient broth (nb) agar plates (Difco)
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nutrient broth (nb) agar plates
Nutrient Broth (Nb) Agar Plates, supplied by Difco, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/nutrient+broth+(nb)+agar+plates/nutrient+broth+agar+plates/10__1016_slash_j__ejsobi__2020__103169-50-8-11
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
Nutrient Broth (Nb) Agar Plates, supplied by Difco, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/nutrient+broth+(nb)+agar+plates/nutrient+broth+agar+plates/10__1016_slash_j__ejsobi__2020__103169-50-8-11
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
nutrient broth (nb) agar plates - by Bioz Stars,
2026-10
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Sterility:Article Title: Bacillus subtilis Spore Resistance to Simulated Mars Surface Conditions Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from serial dilutions in distilled water as colony-forming units after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Astrobiological aspects of the mutagenesis of cosmic radiation on bacterial spores. Article Snippet: Based on their unique resistance to various space parameters, Bacillus endospores are one of the model systems used for astrobiological studies.. In this study, spores of B. subtilis were used to study the effects of galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) on spore survival and induced mutagenesis.. In interplanetary space, outside Earth’s protective magnetic field, spore-containing rocks would be exposed to bombardment by high-energy charged particle radiation from galactic sources and from the Sun, which consists of photons (X-rays, g rays), protons, electrons, and heavy, high-energy charged (HZE) particles. Article Title: Mucilaginibacter sp. K Improves Growth and Induces Salt Tolerance in Nonhost Plants via Multilevel Mechanisms. Article Snippet: The seeds were then air dried in a laminar flow hood, and were sown in pots or treated at room temperature for 1 h in the absence of light with dense (109 cfu ml−1) suspensions of the bacterial strains in sterile 10 mM MgSO4 or sterile 10 mM MgSO4 (as a negative control), while a small subset of the seeds was placed onto Article Title: Effect of radioprotective agents in sporulation medium on Bacillus subtilis spore resistance to hydrogen peroxide, wet heat and germicidal and environmentally relevant UV radiation. Article Snippet: Spores of Bacillus spp. are highly resistant to inactivation by many different stresses, such as toxic chemicals and biocidal agents, desiccation, high pressure, temperature extremes and high fluences of ultraviolet (UV) or ionizing radiation (reviewed in Nicholson et al. 2000; Setlow 2006).. Under stressful environmental conditions, cells of Bacillus spp. produce spores that can stay dormant for extended periods.. During sporulation, cells have to ‘prepare for the worst’ and invest much energy and time to generate a unique form that can survive for years in the absence of nutrients (Nicholson et al. 2000, 2005; Setlow 2006). Article Title: Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spore DNA to Lethal Ionizing Radiation Damage Relies Primarily on Spore Core Components and DNA Repair, with Minor Effects of Oxygen Radical Detoxification Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from appropriate dilutions in distilled water as colony-forming ability after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Role of DNA Protection and Repair in Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spores to Ultrahigh Shock Pressures Simulating Hypervelocity Impacts Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from appropriate dilutions in distilled water as the colony-forming ability after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Oral immunization with HCV-NS3-transformed Salmonella: induction of HCV-specific CTL in a transgenic mouse model. Article Snippet: Background & Aims: The ability to induce cytotoxic T cells is considered an important feature of a candidate hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine.. We used an oral immunization strategy with attenuated HCV-NS3–transformed Salmonella typhimurium to deliver DNA directly to the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.. Methods: HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice were immunized once with transformed attenuated Salmonella. Article Title: Mutagenesis in bacterial spores exposed to space and simulated martian conditions: data from the EXPOSE-E spaceflight experiment PROTECT. Article Snippet: As part of the PROTECT experiment of the EXPOSE-E mission on board the International Space Station (ISS), the mutagenic efficiency of space was studied in spores of Bacillus subtilis 168.. After 1.5 years’ exposure to selected parameters of outer space or simulated martian conditions, the rates of induced mutations to rifampicin resistance (Rif) and sporulation deficiency (Spo ) were quantified.. In all flight samples, both mutations, Rif and Spo , were induced and their rates increased by several orders of magnitude. Negative Control:Article Title: Bacillus subtilis Spore Resistance to Simulated Mars Surface Conditions Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from serial dilutions in distilled water as colony-forming units after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Astrobiological aspects of the mutagenesis of cosmic radiation on bacterial spores. Article Snippet: Based on their unique resistance to various space parameters, Bacillus endospores are one of the model systems used for astrobiological studies.. In this study, spores of B. subtilis were used to study the effects of galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) on spore survival and induced mutagenesis.. In interplanetary space, outside Earth’s protective magnetic field, spore-containing rocks would be exposed to bombardment by high-energy charged particle radiation from galactic sources and from the Sun, which consists of photons (X-rays, g rays), protons, electrons, and heavy, high-energy charged (HZE) particles. Article Title: Mucilaginibacter sp. K Improves Growth and Induces Salt Tolerance in Nonhost Plants via Multilevel Mechanisms. Article Snippet: The seeds were then air dried in a laminar flow hood, and were sown in pots or treated at room temperature for 1 h in the absence of light with dense (109 cfu ml−1) suspensions of the bacterial strains in sterile 10 mM MgSO4 or sterile 10 mM MgSO4 (as a negative control), while a small subset of the seeds was placed onto Article Title: Effect of radioprotective agents in sporulation medium on Bacillus subtilis spore resistance to hydrogen peroxide, wet heat and germicidal and environmentally relevant UV radiation. Article Snippet: Spores of Bacillus spp. are highly resistant to inactivation by many different stresses, such as toxic chemicals and biocidal agents, desiccation, high pressure, temperature extremes and high fluences of ultraviolet (UV) or ionizing radiation (reviewed in Nicholson et al. 2000; Setlow 2006).. Under stressful environmental conditions, cells of Bacillus spp. produce spores that can stay dormant for extended periods.. During sporulation, cells have to ‘prepare for the worst’ and invest much energy and time to generate a unique form that can survive for years in the absence of nutrients (Nicholson et al. 2000, 2005; Setlow 2006). Article Title: Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spore DNA to Lethal Ionizing Radiation Damage Relies Primarily on Spore Core Components and DNA Repair, with Minor Effects of Oxygen Radical Detoxification Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from appropriate dilutions in distilled water as colony-forming ability after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Role of DNA Protection and Repair in Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spores to Ultrahigh Shock Pressures Simulating Hypervelocity Impacts Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from appropriate dilutions in distilled water as the colony-forming ability after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Oral immunization with HCV-NS3-transformed Salmonella: induction of HCV-specific CTL in a transgenic mouse model. Article Snippet: Background & Aims: The ability to induce cytotoxic T cells is considered an important feature of a candidate hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine.. We used an oral immunization strategy with attenuated HCV-NS3–transformed Salmonella typhimurium to deliver DNA directly to the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.. Methods: HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice were immunized once with transformed attenuated Salmonella. Article Title: Mutagenesis in bacterial spores exposed to space and simulated martian conditions: data from the EXPOSE-E spaceflight experiment PROTECT. Article Snippet: As part of the PROTECT experiment of the EXPOSE-E mission on board the International Space Station (ISS), the mutagenic efficiency of space was studied in spores of Bacillus subtilis 168.. After 1.5 years’ exposure to selected parameters of outer space or simulated martian conditions, the rates of induced mutations to rifampicin resistance (Rif) and sporulation deficiency (Spo ) were quantified.. In all flight samples, both mutations, Rif and Spo , were induced and their rates increased by several orders of magnitude. Incubation:Article Title: Bacillus subtilis Spore Resistance to Simulated Mars Surface Conditions Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from serial dilutions in distilled water as colony-forming units after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Astrobiological aspects of the mutagenesis of cosmic radiation on bacterial spores. Article Snippet: Based on their unique resistance to various space parameters, Bacillus endospores are one of the model systems used for astrobiological studies.. In this study, spores of B. subtilis were used to study the effects of galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) on spore survival and induced mutagenesis.. In interplanetary space, outside Earth’s protective magnetic field, spore-containing rocks would be exposed to bombardment by high-energy charged particle radiation from galactic sources and from the Sun, which consists of photons (X-rays, g rays), protons, electrons, and heavy, high-energy charged (HZE) particles. Article Title: Mucilaginibacter sp. K Improves Growth and Induces Salt Tolerance in Nonhost Plants via Multilevel Mechanisms. Article Snippet: The seeds were then air dried in a laminar flow hood, and were sown in pots or treated at room temperature for 1 h in the absence of light with dense (109 cfu ml−1) suspensions of the bacterial strains in sterile 10 mM MgSO4 or sterile 10 mM MgSO4 (as a negative control), while a small subset of the seeds was placed onto Article Title: Effect of radioprotective agents in sporulation medium on Bacillus subtilis spore resistance to hydrogen peroxide, wet heat and germicidal and environmentally relevant UV radiation. Article Snippet: Spores of Bacillus spp. are highly resistant to inactivation by many different stresses, such as toxic chemicals and biocidal agents, desiccation, high pressure, temperature extremes and high fluences of ultraviolet (UV) or ionizing radiation (reviewed in Nicholson et al. 2000; Setlow 2006).. Under stressful environmental conditions, cells of Bacillus spp. produce spores that can stay dormant for extended periods.. During sporulation, cells have to ‘prepare for the worst’ and invest much energy and time to generate a unique form that can survive for years in the absence of nutrients (Nicholson et al. 2000, 2005; Setlow 2006). Article Title: Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spore DNA to Lethal Ionizing Radiation Damage Relies Primarily on Spore Core Components and DNA Repair, with Minor Effects of Oxygen Radical Detoxification Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from appropriate dilutions in distilled water as colony-forming ability after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Role of DNA Protection and Repair in Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spores to Ultrahigh Shock Pressures Simulating Hypervelocity Impacts Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from appropriate dilutions in distilled water as the colony-forming ability after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Oral immunization with HCV-NS3-transformed Salmonella: induction of HCV-specific CTL in a transgenic mouse model. Article Snippet: Background & Aims: The ability to induce cytotoxic T cells is considered an important feature of a candidate hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine.. We used an oral immunization strategy with attenuated HCV-NS3–transformed Salmonella typhimurium to deliver DNA directly to the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.. Methods: HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice were immunized once with transformed attenuated Salmonella. Article Title: Mutagenesis in bacterial spores exposed to space and simulated martian conditions: data from the EXPOSE-E spaceflight experiment PROTECT. Article Snippet: As part of the PROTECT experiment of the EXPOSE-E mission on board the International Space Station (ISS), the mutagenic efficiency of space was studied in spores of Bacillus subtilis 168.. After 1.5 years’ exposure to selected parameters of outer space or simulated martian conditions, the rates of induced mutations to rifampicin resistance (Rif) and sporulation deficiency (Spo ) were quantified.. In all flight samples, both mutations, Rif and Spo , were induced and their rates increased by several orders of magnitude. Transformation Assay:Article Title: Bacillus subtilis Spore Resistance to Simulated Mars Surface Conditions Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from serial dilutions in distilled water as colony-forming units after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Astrobiological aspects of the mutagenesis of cosmic radiation on bacterial spores. Article Snippet: Based on their unique resistance to various space parameters, Bacillus endospores are one of the model systems used for astrobiological studies.. In this study, spores of B. subtilis were used to study the effects of galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) on spore survival and induced mutagenesis.. In interplanetary space, outside Earth’s protective magnetic field, spore-containing rocks would be exposed to bombardment by high-energy charged particle radiation from galactic sources and from the Sun, which consists of photons (X-rays, g rays), protons, electrons, and heavy, high-energy charged (HZE) particles. Article Title: Mucilaginibacter sp. K Improves Growth and Induces Salt Tolerance in Nonhost Plants via Multilevel Mechanisms. Article Snippet: The seeds were then air dried in a laminar flow hood, and were sown in pots or treated at room temperature for 1 h in the absence of light with dense (109 cfu ml−1) suspensions of the bacterial strains in sterile 10 mM MgSO4 or sterile 10 mM MgSO4 (as a negative control), while a small subset of the seeds was placed onto Article Title: Effect of radioprotective agents in sporulation medium on Bacillus subtilis spore resistance to hydrogen peroxide, wet heat and germicidal and environmentally relevant UV radiation. Article Snippet: Spores of Bacillus spp. are highly resistant to inactivation by many different stresses, such as toxic chemicals and biocidal agents, desiccation, high pressure, temperature extremes and high fluences of ultraviolet (UV) or ionizing radiation (reviewed in Nicholson et al. 2000; Setlow 2006).. Under stressful environmental conditions, cells of Bacillus spp. produce spores that can stay dormant for extended periods.. During sporulation, cells have to ‘prepare for the worst’ and invest much energy and time to generate a unique form that can survive for years in the absence of nutrients (Nicholson et al. 2000, 2005; Setlow 2006). Article Title: Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spore DNA to Lethal Ionizing Radiation Damage Relies Primarily on Spore Core Components and DNA Repair, with Minor Effects of Oxygen Radical Detoxification Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from appropriate dilutions in distilled water as colony-forming ability after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Role of DNA Protection and Repair in Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spores to Ultrahigh Shock Pressures Simulating Hypervelocity Impacts Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from appropriate dilutions in distilled water as the colony-forming ability after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Oral immunization with HCV-NS3-transformed Salmonella: induction of HCV-specific CTL in a transgenic mouse model. Article Snippet: Background & Aims: The ability to induce cytotoxic T cells is considered an important feature of a candidate hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine.. We used an oral immunization strategy with attenuated HCV-NS3–transformed Salmonella typhimurium to deliver DNA directly to the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.. Methods: HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice were immunized once with transformed attenuated Salmonella. Article Title: Mutagenesis in bacterial spores exposed to space and simulated martian conditions: data from the EXPOSE-E spaceflight experiment PROTECT. Article Snippet: As part of the PROTECT experiment of the EXPOSE-E mission on board the International Space Station (ISS), the mutagenic efficiency of space was studied in spores of Bacillus subtilis 168.. After 1.5 years’ exposure to selected parameters of outer space or simulated martian conditions, the rates of induced mutations to rifampicin resistance (Rif) and sporulation deficiency (Spo ) were quantified.. In all flight samples, both mutations, Rif and Spo , were induced and their rates increased by several orders of magnitude. Plasmid Preparation:Article Title: Bacillus subtilis Spore Resistance to Simulated Mars Surface Conditions Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from serial dilutions in distilled water as colony-forming units after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Astrobiological aspects of the mutagenesis of cosmic radiation on bacterial spores. Article Snippet: Based on their unique resistance to various space parameters, Bacillus endospores are one of the model systems used for astrobiological studies.. In this study, spores of B. subtilis were used to study the effects of galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) on spore survival and induced mutagenesis.. In interplanetary space, outside Earth’s protective magnetic field, spore-containing rocks would be exposed to bombardment by high-energy charged particle radiation from galactic sources and from the Sun, which consists of photons (X-rays, g rays), protons, electrons, and heavy, high-energy charged (HZE) particles. Article Title: Mucilaginibacter sp. K Improves Growth and Induces Salt Tolerance in Nonhost Plants via Multilevel Mechanisms. Article Snippet: The seeds were then air dried in a laminar flow hood, and were sown in pots or treated at room temperature for 1 h in the absence of light with dense (109 cfu ml−1) suspensions of the bacterial strains in sterile 10 mM MgSO4 or sterile 10 mM MgSO4 (as a negative control), while a small subset of the seeds was placed onto Article Title: Effect of radioprotective agents in sporulation medium on Bacillus subtilis spore resistance to hydrogen peroxide, wet heat and germicidal and environmentally relevant UV radiation. Article Snippet: Spores of Bacillus spp. are highly resistant to inactivation by many different stresses, such as toxic chemicals and biocidal agents, desiccation, high pressure, temperature extremes and high fluences of ultraviolet (UV) or ionizing radiation (reviewed in Nicholson et al. 2000; Setlow 2006).. Under stressful environmental conditions, cells of Bacillus spp. produce spores that can stay dormant for extended periods.. During sporulation, cells have to ‘prepare for the worst’ and invest much energy and time to generate a unique form that can survive for years in the absence of nutrients (Nicholson et al. 2000, 2005; Setlow 2006). Article Title: Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spore DNA to Lethal Ionizing Radiation Damage Relies Primarily on Spore Core Components and DNA Repair, with Minor Effects of Oxygen Radical Detoxification Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from appropriate dilutions in distilled water as colony-forming ability after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Role of DNA Protection and Repair in Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spores to Ultrahigh Shock Pressures Simulating Hypervelocity Impacts Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from appropriate dilutions in distilled water as the colony-forming ability after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Oral immunization with HCV-NS3-transformed Salmonella: induction of HCV-specific CTL in a transgenic mouse model. Article Snippet: Background & Aims: The ability to induce cytotoxic T cells is considered an important feature of a candidate hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine.. We used an oral immunization strategy with attenuated HCV-NS3–transformed Salmonella typhimurium to deliver DNA directly to the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.. Methods: HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice were immunized once with transformed attenuated Salmonella. Article Title: Mutagenesis in bacterial spores exposed to space and simulated martian conditions: data from the EXPOSE-E spaceflight experiment PROTECT. Article Snippet: As part of the PROTECT experiment of the EXPOSE-E mission on board the International Space Station (ISS), the mutagenic efficiency of space was studied in spores of Bacillus subtilis 168.. After 1.5 years’ exposure to selected parameters of outer space or simulated martian conditions, the rates of induced mutations to rifampicin resistance (Rif) and sporulation deficiency (Spo ) were quantified.. In all flight samples, both mutations, Rif and Spo , were induced and their rates increased by several orders of magnitude. Control:Article Title: Bacillus subtilis Spore Resistance to Simulated Mars Surface Conditions Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from serial dilutions in distilled water as colony-forming units after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Astrobiological aspects of the mutagenesis of cosmic radiation on bacterial spores. Article Snippet: Based on their unique resistance to various space parameters, Bacillus endospores are one of the model systems used for astrobiological studies.. In this study, spores of B. subtilis were used to study the effects of galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) on spore survival and induced mutagenesis.. In interplanetary space, outside Earth’s protective magnetic field, spore-containing rocks would be exposed to bombardment by high-energy charged particle radiation from galactic sources and from the Sun, which consists of photons (X-rays, g rays), protons, electrons, and heavy, high-energy charged (HZE) particles. Article Title: Mucilaginibacter sp. K Improves Growth and Induces Salt Tolerance in Nonhost Plants via Multilevel Mechanisms. Article Snippet: The seeds were then air dried in a laminar flow hood, and were sown in pots or treated at room temperature for 1 h in the absence of light with dense (109 cfu ml−1) suspensions of the bacterial strains in sterile 10 mM MgSO4 or sterile 10 mM MgSO4 (as a negative control), while a small subset of the seeds was placed onto Article Title: Effect of radioprotective agents in sporulation medium on Bacillus subtilis spore resistance to hydrogen peroxide, wet heat and germicidal and environmentally relevant UV radiation. Article Snippet: Spores of Bacillus spp. are highly resistant to inactivation by many different stresses, such as toxic chemicals and biocidal agents, desiccation, high pressure, temperature extremes and high fluences of ultraviolet (UV) or ionizing radiation (reviewed in Nicholson et al. 2000; Setlow 2006).. Under stressful environmental conditions, cells of Bacillus spp. produce spores that can stay dormant for extended periods.. During sporulation, cells have to ‘prepare for the worst’ and invest much energy and time to generate a unique form that can survive for years in the absence of nutrients (Nicholson et al. 2000, 2005; Setlow 2006). Article Title: Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spore DNA to Lethal Ionizing Radiation Damage Relies Primarily on Spore Core Components and DNA Repair, with Minor Effects of Oxygen Radical Detoxification Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from appropriate dilutions in distilled water as colony-forming ability after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Role of DNA Protection and Repair in Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spores to Ultrahigh Shock Pressures Simulating Hypervelocity Impacts Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from appropriate dilutions in distilled water as the colony-forming ability after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Oral immunization with HCV-NS3-transformed Salmonella: induction of HCV-specific CTL in a transgenic mouse model. Article Snippet: Background & Aims: The ability to induce cytotoxic T cells is considered an important feature of a candidate hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine.. We used an oral immunization strategy with attenuated HCV-NS3–transformed Salmonella typhimurium to deliver DNA directly to the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.. Methods: HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice were immunized once with transformed attenuated Salmonella. Article Title: Mutagenesis in bacterial spores exposed to space and simulated martian conditions: data from the EXPOSE-E spaceflight experiment PROTECT. Article Snippet: As part of the PROTECT experiment of the EXPOSE-E mission on board the International Space Station (ISS), the mutagenic efficiency of space was studied in spores of Bacillus subtilis 168.. After 1.5 years’ exposure to selected parameters of outer space or simulated martian conditions, the rates of induced mutations to rifampicin resistance (Rif) and sporulation deficiency (Spo ) were quantified.. In all flight samples, both mutations, Rif and Spo , were induced and their rates increased by several orders of magnitude. Electroporation:Article Title: Bacillus subtilis Spore Resistance to Simulated Mars Surface Conditions Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from serial dilutions in distilled water as colony-forming units after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Astrobiological aspects of the mutagenesis of cosmic radiation on bacterial spores. Article Snippet: Based on their unique resistance to various space parameters, Bacillus endospores are one of the model systems used for astrobiological studies.. In this study, spores of B. subtilis were used to study the effects of galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) on spore survival and induced mutagenesis.. In interplanetary space, outside Earth’s protective magnetic field, spore-containing rocks would be exposed to bombardment by high-energy charged particle radiation from galactic sources and from the Sun, which consists of photons (X-rays, g rays), protons, electrons, and heavy, high-energy charged (HZE) particles. Article Title: Mucilaginibacter sp. K Improves Growth and Induces Salt Tolerance in Nonhost Plants via Multilevel Mechanisms. Article Snippet: The seeds were then air dried in a laminar flow hood, and were sown in pots or treated at room temperature for 1 h in the absence of light with dense (109 cfu ml−1) suspensions of the bacterial strains in sterile 10 mM MgSO4 or sterile 10 mM MgSO4 (as a negative control), while a small subset of the seeds was placed onto Article Title: Effect of radioprotective agents in sporulation medium on Bacillus subtilis spore resistance to hydrogen peroxide, wet heat and germicidal and environmentally relevant UV radiation. Article Snippet: Spores of Bacillus spp. are highly resistant to inactivation by many different stresses, such as toxic chemicals and biocidal agents, desiccation, high pressure, temperature extremes and high fluences of ultraviolet (UV) or ionizing radiation (reviewed in Nicholson et al. 2000; Setlow 2006).. Under stressful environmental conditions, cells of Bacillus spp. produce spores that can stay dormant for extended periods.. During sporulation, cells have to ‘prepare for the worst’ and invest much energy and time to generate a unique form that can survive for years in the absence of nutrients (Nicholson et al. 2000, 2005; Setlow 2006). Article Title: Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spore DNA to Lethal Ionizing Radiation Damage Relies Primarily on Spore Core Components and DNA Repair, with Minor Effects of Oxygen Radical Detoxification Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from appropriate dilutions in distilled water as colony-forming ability after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Role of DNA Protection and Repair in Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spores to Ultrahigh Shock Pressures Simulating Hypervelocity Impacts Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from appropriate dilutions in distilled water as the colony-forming ability after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Oral immunization with HCV-NS3-transformed Salmonella: induction of HCV-specific CTL in a transgenic mouse model. Article Snippet: Background & Aims: The ability to induce cytotoxic T cells is considered an important feature of a candidate hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine.. We used an oral immunization strategy with attenuated HCV-NS3–transformed Salmonella typhimurium to deliver DNA directly to the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.. Methods: HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice were immunized once with transformed attenuated Salmonella. Article Title: Mutagenesis in bacterial spores exposed to space and simulated martian conditions: data from the EXPOSE-E spaceflight experiment PROTECT. Article Snippet: As part of the PROTECT experiment of the EXPOSE-E mission on board the International Space Station (ISS), the mutagenic efficiency of space was studied in spores of Bacillus subtilis 168.. After 1.5 years’ exposure to selected parameters of outer space or simulated martian conditions, the rates of induced mutations to rifampicin resistance (Rif) and sporulation deficiency (Spo ) were quantified.. In all flight samples, both mutations, Rif and Spo , were induced and their rates increased by several orders of magnitude. Bacteria:Article Title: Bacillus subtilis Spore Resistance to Simulated Mars Surface Conditions Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from serial dilutions in distilled water as colony-forming units after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Astrobiological aspects of the mutagenesis of cosmic radiation on bacterial spores. Article Snippet: Based on their unique resistance to various space parameters, Bacillus endospores are one of the model systems used for astrobiological studies.. In this study, spores of B. subtilis were used to study the effects of galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) on spore survival and induced mutagenesis.. In interplanetary space, outside Earth’s protective magnetic field, spore-containing rocks would be exposed to bombardment by high-energy charged particle radiation from galactic sources and from the Sun, which consists of photons (X-rays, g rays), protons, electrons, and heavy, high-energy charged (HZE) particles. Article Title: Mucilaginibacter sp. K Improves Growth and Induces Salt Tolerance in Nonhost Plants via Multilevel Mechanisms. Article Snippet: The seeds were then air dried in a laminar flow hood, and were sown in pots or treated at room temperature for 1 h in the absence of light with dense (109 cfu ml−1) suspensions of the bacterial strains in sterile 10 mM MgSO4 or sterile 10 mM MgSO4 (as a negative control), while a small subset of the seeds was placed onto Article Title: Effect of radioprotective agents in sporulation medium on Bacillus subtilis spore resistance to hydrogen peroxide, wet heat and germicidal and environmentally relevant UV radiation. Article Snippet: Spores of Bacillus spp. are highly resistant to inactivation by many different stresses, such as toxic chemicals and biocidal agents, desiccation, high pressure, temperature extremes and high fluences of ultraviolet (UV) or ionizing radiation (reviewed in Nicholson et al. 2000; Setlow 2006).. Under stressful environmental conditions, cells of Bacillus spp. produce spores that can stay dormant for extended periods.. During sporulation, cells have to ‘prepare for the worst’ and invest much energy and time to generate a unique form that can survive for years in the absence of nutrients (Nicholson et al. 2000, 2005; Setlow 2006). Article Title: Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spore DNA to Lethal Ionizing Radiation Damage Relies Primarily on Spore Core Components and DNA Repair, with Minor Effects of Oxygen Radical Detoxification Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from appropriate dilutions in distilled water as colony-forming ability after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Role of DNA Protection and Repair in Resistance of Bacillus subtilis Spores to Ultrahigh Shock Pressures Simulating Hypervelocity Impacts Article Snippet: Spore survival was determined from appropriate dilutions in distilled water as the colony-forming ability after incubation overnight at 37°C on Article Title: Oral immunization with HCV-NS3-transformed Salmonella: induction of HCV-specific CTL in a transgenic mouse model. Article Snippet: Background & Aims: The ability to induce cytotoxic T cells is considered an important feature of a candidate hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine.. We used an oral immunization strategy with attenuated HCV-NS3–transformed Salmonella typhimurium to deliver DNA directly to the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.. Methods: HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice were immunized once with transformed attenuated Salmonella. Article Title: Mutagenesis in bacterial spores exposed to space and simulated martian conditions: data from the EXPOSE-E spaceflight experiment PROTECT. Article Snippet: As part of the PROTECT experiment of the EXPOSE-E mission on board the International Space Station (ISS), the mutagenic efficiency of space was studied in spores of Bacillus subtilis 168.. After 1.5 years’ exposure to selected parameters of outer space or simulated martian conditions, the rates of induced mutations to rifampicin resistance (Rif) and sporulation deficiency (Spo ) were quantified.. In all flight samples, both mutations, Rif and Spo , were induced and their rates increased by several orders of magnitude. |